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Montelukast
All of the drug remedies have elements of isolation and this was no exception.
Results the findings are presented in tables 1- 4 and figs 1 and 2, for example, montelukast dissolution.
Fluticasone over montelukast. Although both treatments significantly improved b-agonist use and nocturnal awakenings, both of which are components of an asthma-free day, outcomes favored fluticasone for these clinical endpoints. These results differ from the equivalent efficacy established for montelukast compared with inhaled corticosteroids in previous studies.17, 20 The established non-inferiority boundary for montelukast was defined at a conservative level of no more than 3 days per month for the difference in asthma-free days compared with findings for fluticasone. However, since the 95% CIs included the boundary of 10%, the non-inferiority of montelukast to fluticasone could not be established. The mean difference in asthma-free days was less than 2 days per month per patient between the treatment groups. The percentage of asthma rescue medication-free days was significantly improved, and asthma attacks were significantly reduced by montelukast and fluticasone during the 48-week active treatment period. Patients taking either montelukast of fluticasone had more than 75% of days per month with no symptoms and approximately 70% of days per month with no need for rescue medication. Symptoms such as the intensity of shortness of breath and use of rescue medication in mild asthmatics have been shown to correlate with quality of life, which was improved by both therapies.24 In a similar study, montelukast and fluticasone significantly improved asthma rescue-free days to the same degree in patients with an FEV1 86% predicted.17 A similar analysis performed in the present study did not support this finding. The results of the previous study suggest that montelukast is as effective as fluticasone in patients with very mild asthma. However, asthma is a variable disease, and therapy will have to be tailored to the individual patient. 412.
Montelukast na tablet impurityHis history, the type of bleeding bright, light red and on the stool ; , and physical findings are suggestive of hemorrhoids, which the client has self-treated with over-the-counter medication for some time. His bleeding and increased pain could be from a recent fissure or his tension, which may cause the sphincter to tighten and possibly cut off circulation to the external varices. Mr. K. needs to be referred to his own physician for further work-up regarding the bleeding and increased pain. Collaborative problems should also be identified, for example, montelukast intermediates. Bruce C, Yates DH, Thomas PS. 2002. Caffeine decreases exhaled nitric oxide. Thorax 57: 361363. Carter MC, Perzanowski MS, Raymond A, Platts-Mills TAE. 2001. Home intervention in the treatment of asthma among inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 108: 732737. Culotta E, Koshland DE. 1992. NO news is good news. Science 258: 18621865. Delfino RJ, Zeiger RS, Seltzer JM, Street DH. 1998. Symptoms in pediatric asthmatics and air pollution: differences in effects by symptom severity, anti-inflammatory medication use, and particulate averaging time. Environ Health Perspect 106: 751761. Delfino RJ, Zeiger RS, Seltzer JM, Street DH, McLaren C. 2002. Association of asthma symptoms with peak particulate air pollution and effect modification by anti-inflammatory medication use. Environ Health Perspect 110: A607A617. Deykin A, Halpern O, Massaro AF, Drazen JM, Israel E. 1998. Expired nitric oxide after bronchoprovocation and repeated spirometry in patients with asthma. J Respir Crit Care Med 157: 769775. Deykin A, Massaro AF, Drazen JM, Israel E. 2002. Exhaled nitric oxide as a diagnostic test for asthma. J Respir Crit Care Med 165: 15971601. Dockery DW, Spezier FE, Stram DO, Ware JH, Spengler JD, Ferris BG Jr. 1989. Effects of inhalable particles on respiratory health of children. Rev Respir Dis 139: 587594. Eggleston PA, Bush RK. 2000. Environmental allergen avoidance; an overview. J Allergy Clin Immunol 107: S403S407. Gaston B, Drazen JM, Loscalzo J, Stamler J. 1994. The biology of nitric oxides in the airways. J Respir Crit Care Med 149: 538551. Ghiro L, Zanconato S, Rampon O, Piovan V, Pasquale MF, Baraldi E. 2002. Effect of montelukast added to inhaled corticosteroids on fractional exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic children. Eur Respir J 20: 630634. Gold DR, Litonjua A, Schwartz J, Lovett E, Larson A, Nearing B, et al. 2000. Ambient pollution and heart rate variability. Circulation 101: 12671273. Jobsis Q, Schellekens SL, Kroesbergen A, Hop WCJ, de Jongste JC. 1999. Sampling of exhaled nitric oxide in children: end-expiratory plateau, balloon and tidal breathing methods compared. Eur Respir J 13: 14061410. . 2001. Off-line sampling of exhaled air for nitric oxide measurement in children: methodological aspects. Eur Respir J 17: 898903. Jones SL, Kittelson J, Cowan JO, Flannery EM, Hancox RJ, McLachlan CR, et al. 2001. The predictive values of exhaled nitric oxide measurements in assessing changes in asthma control. J Respir Crit Care Med 164: 738743. Kanniess F, Richter K, Bohme S, Jorres RA, Magnussen H. 2002. Mohtelukast versus fluticasone: effects on lung function, airway responsiveness and inflammation in moderate asthma. Eur Respir J 20: 853858. Kharitonov SA, Barnes PJ. 2000. Clinical aspects of exhaled nitric oxide. Eur Respir J 16: 781792. Kharitonov SA, Gonio F, Kelly C, Meah S, Barnes PJ. 2003. Reproducibility of exhaled nitric oxide measurements in healthy and asthmatic adults and children. Eur Respir J 21: 433438. Koenig JQ, Larson TV, Hanley QS, Rebolledo V, Dumler K, Checkoway H, et al. 1993. Pulmonary function changes in children associated with particulate matter air pollution in a wood burning community. Environ Res 63: 2638. Lanz MJ, Leung DYM, White CW. 1999. Comparison of exhaled nitric oxide to spirometry during emergency treatment of asthma exacerbations with glucocorticoids in children. Chest 82: 161164. Liao D, Creason J, Shy C, Williams R, Watts R, Zweidinger R. 1999. Daily variation of particulate air pollution and poor autonomic control in the elderly. Environ Health Perspect 107: 521525. Liu L-JS, Box M, Kalman D, Kaufman J, Koenig JQ, Larson T, et al. 2003. Exposure assessment of particulate matter for susceptible populations in Seattle, WA. Environ Health Perspect 111: 909918. Liu L-JS, Slaughter JC, Larson TV. 2002. Comparison of light scattering devices and impactors for particulate measurements in indoor, outdoor, and personal environments. Environ Sci Technol 36: 29772986. Magari SR, Schwartz J, Williams PL, Hauser R, Smith TJ. Order montelukast with online prescription or montelukast online outdoors com if montelukast - diet pills this montelukast without a script and naprelan. | Role of montelukast in asthmaThe ICA is opposed to compulsory programs which infringe upon such rights." ICA went on to point out that this is not a chiropractic issue "it is a public health and accountability issue. ICA's policy is not one of opposition to or promotion of vaccination; it is one of informed consent and personal freedom." ICA also expressed concern about the way Mr. Jaroff simplified the research record in favor of his editorial opinion, doing both the chiropractic profession and the consumer a grave disservice. Credible examples of research studies that call the safety and efficacy of mass vaccination programs into question exist in large quantities, a fact well known in the chiropractic profession. ICA believes that this is a debate that must go on, and not be silenced by scare tactics, by government mandates that are fundamentally contrary to the basic concepts of American freedoms, or by a badly flawed and suspect research environment. With billions of dollars at stake, it has become clear that the pharmaceutical industry is willing to pay.Montelukast overnight delivery and nimotop. Montelukast other names
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With NP, before and after medical treatment, using the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI ; and the Zung self-rating depression scale. If anxiety was found to be present, our aim was to investigate whether the level is modified after effective medical treatment. Materials and methods PATIENTS A total of 30 consecutive patients were enrolled 16 male, 14 female, age range 18-77 years, mean 45.6 ; , all affected by idiopathic ethmoidal NP, primary or recurrence. Patients affected by asthma, mental diseases, chronic diseases, in general, or used any other drugs during the study, were excluded. All patients received montelukast MLK 10 mg day ; + loratadine LOR 10 mg day ; + mometasone furoate MOM 100 g per nostril day ; for 7 months and underwent a monthly follow-up, with nasal endoscopy, in order to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment personal polyps score used: 0 no polyp, 1 in middle meatus, 2 outside middle meatus, 3 contact with inferior turbinate, 4 contact with nasal floor ; , anterior active rhinomanometry AAR ; , record cards for nasal symptoms score for each symptom from 0 good to 4 bad ; . None of these drugs have sedative or anxiety-reducing effect 8. All patients were included in the study group after a run-in period of at least 1 month without any therapy apart from nasal washes with saline solution, this was considered necessary also in order to prevent the possible influence of other drugs on mood 9 10. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT All patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire, before and at the end of the treatment, concerning information on their level of education and socioeconomic status, and containing two different self-rating psychometric tests: one for anxiety and the other for depression. For anxiety assessment, the STAI ; was used which comprises two axes y1 for state anxiety and y2 for trait anxiety ; , both consisting of 20 multiple-choice items in which a score of 40 is.
The steady state volume of distribution of montelukast averages 8 to 11 liters and norfloxacin. In this study, intravenous montelukast compared with placebo was associated with a rapid benefit as evidenced by a significant improvement in FEV1 within 10 minutes of administration. The benefit attributed to montelukast was not confounded by an increased use of -agonists or corticosteroids and was accompanied by trends toward improvements in clinical outcomes such. Aventis- A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Parallel Groups Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study To Observe The Effects Of Montelkuast 10 mg In Combination With Fexofenadine 180 mg Daily Or 120 mg Bid On Asthma In Subjects With Persistent Mild To Moderate Atopic Asthma. Aventis- A Multicenter, Open-Label, Long-Term 1 year ; Safety Study of Ciclesonide 100 g Day Ex-Valve ; Metered Dose Inhaler Administered Once Daily for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Persistent Asthma in Adolescents and Adults. Aventis- A Pilot Study to Observe the Effects of Montel8kast in Combination with Fexofenadine on Asthma in Subjects with Persistent Mild to Moderate Asthma. Aventis- Phase III, Multicenter, Double-Blind Parallel Group Study Assessing the Effects of Triamcinolone Acetonide HFA-134a MDI on Growth in Asthmatic Children. Aventis- A Twelve Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group Trial Comparing the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of a 20 mg Daily Dose of IPL512, 602 Oral Tablets to Placebo in Subjects with Mild to Moderate Persistent Asthma. Aventis - A Multicenter, Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group Study of the Effects of Ciclesonide HFA-MDI 640 g Day and Beclomethasone HFAMDI 640 g Day on Lens Opacification in Adult Subjects with Moderate to Severe Persistent Asthma. Bayer- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Two Doses of BAY x 7195 Aerosol with Placebo in Patients with Asthma. Bio-Pharm- Exercise Challenge Dose Response Study of HFA-134a Butixocort Propionate, CFC-11 12 Beclomethasone Dipropionate and HFA-134a Placebo in Patients with Reversible Obstructive Airway Disease. Asthma ; Byk Gulden 12 Weeks Treatment with 125 g Roflumilast versus 250 g Roflumilast versus Placebo in Patients with Asthma. Byk Gulden- A Placebo Controlled, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Multicenter, 6 Weeks Study of Orally Administered 60 mg BYK33043 in the Treatment of Adult Patients with Asthma Compared to Treatment with 176 mg Fluticasone Propionate. Byk Gulden- 12 Weeks Treatment with 200 or 800 mcg Ciclesonide Versus Placebo Followed by a 40 Week Treatment with Ciclesonide in Asthmatic Patients. A DoubleBlind, Randomized Parallel Group Study with an Open Label Extension. Centocor, Inc. - A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Dose-Ranging Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of CNTO 148 Administered Subcutaneously in Symptomatic Subjects with Severe Persistent Asthma and nateglinide.
Zafirlukast, asthmacort and related to nedocromil, spiriva, also known as zileuton combivent ; nebulization albuterol unit dose needs montelukast, meter dose inhaler with nasalide.
Montelukast also significantly decreased plasma sdf-1 levels after 8 weeks of treatment and viramune.
It is unknown if this medicine is excreted in breast-milk.
Asthma control The addition of licensed doses of anti-leukotrienes to inhaled glucocorticoids results in a non-significant reduction in the risk of exacerbations of asthma requiring systemic glucocorticoids, with modest group differences in peak expiratory flow, use of 2 agonists, and eosinophil counts in favour of anti-leukotrienes. A beneficial effect of anti-leukotrienes was more apparent with higher doses than with licensed doses of pranlukast or zafirlukast, when a 66% reduction in exacerbations requiring rescue glucocorticoids was documented. No statistical heterogeneity was observed despite variation in the dose and anti-leukotrienes used, dose of beclomethasone 750-2000 g day ; , age, duration of treatment, and intention to treat analysis. Evidence thus suggests a modest effect of licensed doses of montelukast as add-on therapy to inhaled glucocorticoids in children and adults with asthma. In symptomatic patients, however, most doctors would consider an alternative to the current treatment; many would increase the dose of inhaled glucocorticoids or consider additional therapy. Surprisingly, only two 12 week trials, both unpublished, compared the combination of zafirlukast 20, 40, or 80 mg twice daily ; and low doses of beclomethasone 400-500 g day ; with a double dose of inhaled glucocorticoids.16 17 With only one trial considering zafirlukast at the licensed dose, no pooling of data was possible. The effects of adding zafirlukast at four times the licensed dose were similar although they did not meet the review's equivalence criteria ; to increasing the dose of beclomethasone by 400-500 g day with respect to risk of exacerbations requiring systemic steroids, lung function, symptoms, and night waking. With no identified trials testing anti-leukotrienes at the licensed dose, the efficacy of adding these drugs to current therapy compared with modestly increasing the dose of inhaled glucocorticoids has yet to be determined. Glucocorticoid sparing effect Also of interest is whether the addition of antileukotrienes allows a meaningful reduction in the dose of inhaled glucocorticoids required to maintain control. Data from four trials of high quality methods and nicotine.
Retrospective observational studies have shown that optimizing the dosage of inhaled corticosteroids provides better control of asthma than oral montelukast. 23 However, one open-label, prospective, observational study31 of children with mild asthma found that, in real-world conditions, montelukast and inhaled corticosteroids were equally effective, possibly because of significantly better adherence with oral montelukast therapy. Compared with placebo, oral montelukast reduces total daily use of beta 2 agonists, the need for rescue oral corticosteroids, and daytime symptom scores. 32, 33.
Winning entry in the "Worst additive competition" In my opinion the worst food additives are those in the range of antioxidants 310-321 "The Nasty Antioxidants". As antioxidants are not considered to be preservatives by regulators ; , and the suppliers manufactures are not required to list these on the label, it is the most frustrating additive by far. At least with colours, you can readily see them and hence avoid them. Same with most other additives, they are usually on the labels in some sort of description. But the good old nasty antioxidants are secret unless you go to extreme lengths to ask the supplier of the food and then the manufacturer of the contents eg. vegetable oil what exactly are in their oils. There are alternatives to the nasty antioxidants which are failsafe and haven't been associated with cancer in rats and possible genetic changes and also nausea, vomiting, ringing in the ears, delirium and collapse, children's behaviour just to name a few. Even those "failsafe" foods like Betta Natural Cone Cups can't be trusted. They change their oils on a regular basis and also the use of antioxidants from friendly ones 300-309 ; to nasty ones 310-321 ; . I only found this out after my son experienced an ADVERSE REACTION to these cones and I telephoned the supplier and was told that they had changed their oil and it included BHA 320 ; & tBHQ 319 ; . What hope have we got for our children and ourselves if such nasty things are HIDDEN in our foods? I would just love for my son to be able to tolerate eating the occasional fish 'n chips on a Friday night just like I used to when I was a child. Is that so much to ask for? mother from Victoria and nortriptyline and montelukast, for example, montelukast pka.
Since 2004, an enthusiastic team of older people has been helping their fellow seniors learn about medicines. They have been trained as `peer educators'. Peer educators are ordinary older people who share their knowledge about using medicines with their peers by voluntarily facilitating sessions about the quality use of medicines for groups of older people throughout the country. All have had training in conducting lively interactive sessions, the principles of using medicines wisely and safely, and sources of information and help about medicines. To give some insight into what your group might gain from attending a quality use of medicines peer education session, we interviewed two peer educators. Maree Jeffs lives in Warburton, a town north-east of Melbourne, and is a peer educator with the Council on the Ageing Victoria. Marjorie Green lives in the south-west of Brisbane and is a peer educator with the Council on the Ageing Queensland.
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SHC NAS ; METHYLPRED ACEPONATE ADVANTAN OINT SCI4 LWD ; METHYLPRED ACEPONATE SCHEDERMA SCH LWD ; DIFLUCOM ISOCON NEOMYCI SCHEDERMA SHC NAS ; DIFLUCORT ISOCON NEOMY BETAFERON INJ 8MU 0.25MG ; SCH LWD ; BETAFERON INJ 8MU 0.25MG ; SHC NAS ; INJ, 50MG INJ, 50MG OVULE, 150MG OVULE, 150MG INJ 2G ZINC OXIDE ANORECTAL DINT ZINC OXIDE ANORECTAL SUMP TAB TABLET, TABLET, TABS TABS CREAM; 0.01% CREAM; 0.01% OINTMENT, 0.1%; OINTMENT, 0.1%; TOPICAL CREAM, 15G TUBE TOPICAL CREAM, 15G TUBE INJ POWDER FOR RECONSTIT 1NJ POWDER FOR RECONSTIT 5I5 1055.68 5'S i5G 2.23 15X3ML 995.92 I5X3ML 995.92 5 and pamelor.Health aids back to: home health and beauty health aids mont4lukast narrow these results select options below that match what you're looking for. RR.Re-Education - a requirement of an affected party to successfully complete a prescribed educational curriculum as established by the Medical Director or designee. SS.Refusal of Issuance - a corrective action which denies an affected party clinical privileges as a result of an formal investigation. TT.Release - the release to the provider employer ; and the Office of the Medical Director, records of the St. Petersburg Junior College CME Course results, pass fail only, on the form which is attached as Exhibit B. UU.Revocation - a corrective action which removes the affected party's clinical privileges in Pinellas County as a result of a formal investigation. VV.Riders - a person who rides with or other accompanies clinicians on EMS calls but are not students as defined elsewhere ; and are restricted to an observation-only role. WW ene Response Helicopter - any rotary wing aircraft equipped to provide advanced life support services and transportation from the scene of an emergency, and which has received a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity from Pinellas County. XX ate - the State of Florida. YY.Wheelchair Transport Vehicle - any privately or publicly owned land, air, or water vehicle which is designed, constructed, reconstructed, maintained, equipped or operated and is used for or intended to be used for a person who is sitting in a wheelchair, and whose condition is such that the person does not need and is not likely to need medical attention during transport, and which has received a. | Montelukast genericTherapeutic option for asthma. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist is the only such agent approved for use in pediatric patients. Mpntelukast modifies action of leukotrienes, which are the most potent bronchoconstrictors, by blocking Cysteinyl leukotriene receptors. Systemic drug like mountelukast can reach lower airways and improves the peripheral functions which play a crucial role in the evolution of asthma. Review of existing literature showed that montelkkast compared to placebo has proven clinical efficacy in better control of day time asthma symptoms, percentage of symptom free days, need for rescue drugs and improvement in FEV 1. Studies also demonstrated improvement in airway inflammation as indicated by reduction in fractional exhaled nitric oxide, a marker of inflammation. Studies comparing low dose inhaled corticosteroids ICS ; with mpntelukast are limited in children and conclude that it is not superior to ICS. For moderate to severe persistent asthma, montelukast has been compared with long acting beta agonists LABA ; as an add-on therapy to ICS, montelukast was less efficacious and less cost-effective. It has beneficial effects in exercise induced asthma and aspirin-sensitive asthma. Mnotelukast has onset of action within one hour. Patient satisfaction and compliance was better with montelukast than inhaled anti-inflammatory agents due to oral, once a day administration. The recommended doses of montelukast in asthma arechildren 1-5 years: 4 mg chewable tablet, children 6-14 years: 5mg chewable tablet, adults: 10mg tablet; administered once daily. The drug is well tolerated. Based on the presently available data montelukast may be an alternative treatment for mild persistent asthma as monotherapy where ICS cannot be administered. It is also an alternative to LABA as an add-on therapy to ICS for moderate to severe persistent asthma. The other indications for use of montelukast include: allergic rhinitis, exercise induced bronchoconstriction and aspirin-induced asthma. [Indian J Pediatr 2006; 73 4 ; : 275-282] E-mail : skkabra hotmail. While illustration 1.01 shows the total number of active ingredients, the above illustration shows the number of product names. A product name generally represents one active ingredient from one manufacturer. Several pharmaceutical forms and strengths of an active ingredient manufactured by one company will, for instance, determination of montelukast.Montelukast moa |
2 guide for public health officials and health care professionals. Based on the global strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBI WHO workshop report. Bethesda, MD: NIH, 1995. NIH publication No. 96-3659A. ; Updated report 2002. ginasthma accessed 28 Aug 2003 ; . British asthma guidelines coordinating committee. British guidelines on asthma management: 1995 review and position statement. Thorax 1997; 52: S1-24. El-Radhi AS, Hogg CL, Bungre JK, Bush A, Corrigan CJ. Effect of oral glucocorticoid treatment on serum inflammatory markers in acute asthma. Arch Dis Child 2000; 83: 158-62. Barnes PJ. Efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 102: 531-8. Greening A, Wind P, Northfield M, Shaw G. Added salmeterol versus higher-dose corticosteroid in asthma patients with symptoms on existing inhaled corticosteroids. Lancet 1994; 344: 219-24. Woolcock A, Lundback B, Ringdal N, Jacques L. Comparison of addition of salmeterol to inhaled steroids with doubling of the dose of inhaled steroids. J Respir Care Med 1996; 153: 1481-8. Pauwels RA, Lfdahl C-G, Postma DS, Tattersfield AE, OByrne P, Barnes PJ, et al. Effect of inhaled formeterol and budesonide on exacerbations of asthma. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1405-11. Laviolette M, Malmstrom K, Lu S, Chervinsky P, Pujet JC, Peszek I, et al. Montelukast added to inhaled beclomethasone in treatment of asthma. Montelukast Beclomethasone Additivity Group. J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 1862-8. Drazen JM, Israel E, O'Byrne PM. Treatment of asthma with drugs modifying the leukotriene pathway. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 197-206. Pizzichini E, Leff JA, Reiss TF, Hendele L, Boulet LP, Wei LX, et al. Montelukast reduces airway eosinophilic inflammation in asthma: a randomized, controlled trial. Eur Respir J 1999; 14: 12-8. Reiss TF, Sorkness CA, Stricker W, Botto A, Busse WW, Kundu S, Zhang J. Effects of montelukast MK-0476 a potent cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, on bronchodilation in asthmatic subjects treated with and without inhaled corticosteroids. Thorax 1997; 52: 45-8. Villaran C, O'Neill SJ, Helbling A, van Noord JA, Lee TH, Chuchalin AG, et al. Montelukast versus salmeterol in patients with asthma and exerciseinduced bronchoconstriction. Montelukast Salmeterol Exercise Study Group. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 104: 547-53. Barnes PJ. Clinical outcome of adding long-acting beta-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids. Respir Med 2001; 95 suppl ; : S12-6. Jarvis B, Markham A. Montelukast: a review of its therapeutic potential in persistent asthma. Drugs 2000; 59: 891-928. Juniper, EF, Guyatt, GH, Willan, A, Griffith LE. Determining a minimal important change in a disease specific quality of life questionnaire. J Clin Epidemiol 1994; 47: 81-7. Metso T, Rytil P, Peterson C, Haahtela T. Granulocyte markers in induced sputum in patients with respiratory disorders and healthy persons obtained by two sputum-processing methods. Respir Med 2001; 95: 48-55. International conference on harmonisation of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use. ICH e9. Expert Working Group. Statistical principles for clinical trials. Stat Med 1999; 18: 1905-42. Busse, W. W. Inflammation in asthma: the cornerstone of the disease and target of therapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 102: S17-S22. Shrewsbury S, Pyke S, Britton M. Meta-analysis of increased dose of inhaled steroid or addition of salmeterol in symptomatic asthma MIASMA ; . BMJ 2000; 320: 1368-73. Dworski R, Fitzgerald GA, Oates JA, Sheller JR. Effect of oral prednisone on airway inflammatory mediators in atopic asthma. J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 953-9. O'Shaughnessy KM, Wellings R, Gillies B, Fuller RW. Differential effects of fluticasone propionate on allergen-evoked bronchoconstriction and increased urinary leukotriene E4 excretion. Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1472-6. Fish JE, Israel E, Murray JJ, Emmett A, Boone R, Yancey SW, Rickard KA. Salmeterol powder provides significantly better benefit than montelukast in asthmatic patients receiving concomitant inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Chest 2001; 120: 423-30. Nelson HS, Busse WW, Kerwin E, Church N, Emmett A, Rickard K, Knobil K. Fluticasone propionate salmeterol combination provides more effective asthma control than low-dose inhaled corticosteroid plus montelukast. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106: 1088-95. Kraft M, Pak J, Martin RJ, Kaminsky D, Irvin CG. Distal lung dysfunction at night in nocturnal asthma. J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1551-6. Bousquet J, Chanez P, Vignola AM, Lacoste JY, Michel FB. Eosinophil inflammation in asthma. J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: S33-38. Minoguchi K, Kohno Y, Minoguchi H, Kihara N, Sano Y, Yasuhara H, Adachi M. Reduction of eosinophilic inflammation in the airways of patients with asthma using montelukast. Chest 2002; 121: 732-8. Wilson AM, Dempsey OJ, Sims EJ, Lipworth BJ. Evaluation of salmeterol or montelukast as second-line therapy for asthma not controlled with inhaled corticosteroids. Chest 2001b; 119: 1021-6. Crimi E, Milanese M, Pingfang S, Brusasco V. Allergic inflammation and airway smooth muscle function. Sci Total Environ 2001; 270: 57-61. Pang L, Knox AJ. Regulation of TNF-alpha-induced eotaxin release from cultured human airway smooth muscle cells by beta2-agonists and corticosteroids. FASEB J 2001; 15: 261-9. Bisgaard H. Long-acting beta 2 ; -agonists in management of childhood asthma: A critical review of the literature. Pediatr Pulmonol 2000; 29: 221-34.
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